Name is based on Monty Python.

Created by Guido van Rossum in the late 80s.

Variables and Types

Dynamically typed. Supports optional type hinting.

a = True
a = False

Use snake case. Only special character allowed in variable names is an underscore. Can’t start with a number.

Strings

Strong literals can use either single or double quotes:

"hello world"
'hello "world"'
'sam\'s birthday'

"multiple " \
    "lines"

Common operations:

len("hello world") # can also be used on non-strings
"Hello World".lower()
"Hello World".upper()
"he" + "l" * 2 + "o"
"strings need to be concatenated with strings" + str(1)
"a formatted string %s %s" % (str1, str2)

F strings:

name = 'world'
s = f'hello {name} {1 + 2}'

Math

Basic operations:

sum = 1 + 2
float_fraction_number = 2 / 3
int_number = 2 // 3 # result is 0
power = 2 ** 3 # 2^3
remainder = 11 % 10